LOS ANGELES —

In the late 1990s, a peculiar global fever broke out. Boys in Afghanistan began cutting their hair like Leonardo DiCaprio, girls in Japan held parties to weep together while listening to “My Heart Will Go On” and cruise line staffers had to keep peeling adventuresome passengers from the bows of their ships.

The whole world, it seemed, needed a good cry — and found it in the movie “Titanic,” James Cameron’s extravagant retelling of the luxury ocean liner’s 1912 sinking. After its 1997 premiere, “Titanic” sailed on to gross $1.8 billion globally, a record that would not be surpassed at the box office for 12 years — until Cameron’s 2009 3-D fantasy “Avatar.”

This week, “Titanic” is returning to theaters, this time in 3-D, in the U.S. and more than 100 other countries. In re-releasing his romantic disaster epic, Cameron is courting a broad audience of nostalgia-driven adults, fans who were too young to see “Titanic” on the big screen the first time around and moviegoers in countries such as China and Russia where theaters were few and far between during the film’s initial run.

“Titanic” foreshadowed many trends in Hollywood — its then-jaw-dropping $208-million production budget and global box office reach have since become standard among studios making fewer and costlier films with an eye toward international audiences.

But the period romance also signaled the end of a certain kind of filmmaking, which relied on a scale model of the Titanic that Cameron built in Mexico, instead of the now common computer-generated sets.

“Titanic 3-D” will not likely reach the box office heights of the film’s initial release — industry analysts expect it to open at $25 million to $30 million in the U.S.

But the movie will serve as a strong test case for the business model of 3-D re-releases, in which studios convert their catalog titles for stereoscopic viewing — often for about $10 million — and market them as a new cinema-going experience.

The strategy got a boost from the unexpected $94-million domestic box office take of “The Lion King 3-D” in September; a release of “Star Wars: Episode I — The Phantom Menace 3-D” earned $43 million in February; and 3-D conversions of the rest of the “Star Wars” films, various animated Disney and Pixar titles, and live action movies such as “Jurassic Park” and “Top Gun” are in the works.

“We knew a film that played worldwide was critically important,” Cameron said last week by phone, of whom he had in mind when writing “Titanic,” which centers on a privileged 17-year-old girl (Kate Winslet) who falls for an artistic drifter (DiCaprio) against the backdrop of history’s grandest nautical tragedy. Its themes of young love, class difference and courage in the face of disaster — not to mention the meticulously re-created spectacle of the ship’s sinking — appealed to a wide audience.

Fifteen years ago, “Titanic” played … and played … and played. In the U.S., the movie held the No. 1 spot at the box office for 15 consecutive weeks — a record that still stands — and earned 11 Academy Awards.

“This movie defines pre-awareness,” said Jim Gianopulos, co-chairman and chief executive of Fox Filmed Entertainment, which is releasing “Titanic 3-D” internationally. “There isn’t anyone who isn’t aware of ‘Titanic.’ But the experience and the newness of the 3-D conversion is what has people excited.”

Cameron, a vocal proponent of the 3-D format, first suggested converting “Titanic” in 2004, but had trouble finalizing a deal with his two studio partners, Fox and Paramount Pictures, which share the rights. “They were predisposed to do it,” Cameron said. “But it was like the two divorced parents having to come to terms on the kid’s college fund.”

In 2009, the outsized success of “Avatar” provided the impetus the studios needed, and theaters around the world began rapidly adding 3-D screens. “‘Titanic 3-D’ went from being an incredibly radical concept in 2004 when we first proposed it to a sound business model,” Cameron said.

With this month’s 100th anniversary of the Titanic’s sinking as a deadline for the project, Fox and Paramount agreed to share the $18-million expense of converting “Titanic” to 3-D. The process took 60 weeks to complete and the work of hundreds of technicians, according to producer Jon Landau.

The success of the endeavor depends on the willingness of audiences to pay premium 3-D ticket prices to see movies that have been available on home entertainment formats for years.

According to tracking surveys, young women are the most interested in seeing the 3-D version — the same group that helped drive “Titanic’s” run last time with multiple repeat viewings.

Teen girls in particular have helped spur interest in the film on social media, pushing the “Titanic” movie Facebook page up to 19 million likes. (The Facebook page for “The Hunger Games” movie, this spring’s slightly female-skewing box office champ, has 3.6 million likes).